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An Evaluation of Unobtrusive Sensing in a Healthcare Case Study

Jorge Eduardo Rivadeneira , José Marcelo Fernandes , André Rodrigues , Fernando Boavida , Jorge Sá Silva

ISLA — Instituto Politécnico de Gestão e Tecnologia

IEEE Access, 2024

This paper examines the integration of Human-in-the-Loop Cyber-Physical Systems (HiTL-CPS) and Unobtrusive Sensing through a case study named iFriend. Our approach enhances the data acquisition phase of HiTLCPS by integrating unobtrusive sensing techniques to monitor real-time heart rate and breathing rate. This is achieved by leveraging Channel State Information (CSI) of Wi-Fi signals, specifically focusing on its amplitude information. This integration facilitates seamless interaction between humans and the cyber-physical environment. We detail the architecture of the iFriend system, comprising sensors, actuators, and computational units forming a closed-loop control mechanism. The unobtrusive sensing module is specifically designed to capture physiological changes without causing discomfort or interfering with daily activities, making it well-suited for healthcare applications and human-machine interaction. We assess iFriend in an experimental setting, demonstrating its feasibility, with between 80% and 90% of estimates hovering around 2.5 breaths per minute for BR or 10 beats per minute for HR, respectively.

Keywords

#unobtrusive sensing #WiFi channel state information #heart rate monitoring #breathing rate monitoring #physiological signal estimation #healthcare monitoring #human-machine interaction #feedback control #Computer science #Actuator #Real-time computing #Cyber-physical system

Bibliographic Details

Publication Type Journal article

Publication Year 2024

Journal / Conference / Work IEEE Access

Quartile (SCImago) Q1

Scopus Indexing Indexed source (via SCImago)

ISLA Authors & Affiliations

An Evaluation of Unobtrusive Sensing in a Healthcare Case Study

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Bibliographic Details

ISLA Authors & Affiliations